Ibn ‘Aliwa
Ibn ‘Aliwa (1869-1934). Sufi poet of Mostaganem in Algeria. His intellectual amplitude went hand in hand with a profound conservatism and an implacable orthodoxy. By the time of his death, he was said to have many disciples, from North Africa, Damascus, Addis Adaba and Europe.
Ibn ‘Aliwa (1869-1934). Sufi poet of Mostaganem in Algeria. His intellectual amplitude went hand in hand with a profound conservatism and an implacable orthodoxy. By the time of his death, he was said to have many disciples, from North Africa, Damascus, Addis Adaba and Europe.
Ibn al-Jadd
Ibn al-Jadd. Family which was famous and influential at Seville and Njebla during the eleventh through the twelfth centuries. Worth mentioning are Abu‘l-Qasim (d. 1121) and Abu Bakr Muhammad (1102-1190).
Ibn al-Jadd. Family which was famous and influential at Seville and Njebla during the eleventh through the twelfth centuries. Worth mentioning are Abu‘l-Qasim (d. 1121) and Abu Bakr Muhammad (1102-1190).
Ibn al-Jawzi, ‘Abd al-Rahman
Ibn al-Jawzi, ‘Abd al-Rahman (‘Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Jawzi) (Abu'l-Faraj ibn al-Jawzi) (1126-1200). Hanbali jurisconsult, traditionist, historian and preacher in Baghdad. He was one of the most influential persons in the ‘Abbasid capital, as much through his activity in the university as through his preaching, especially during the reign of the ‘Abbasid Caliph al-Mustadi‘ bi-Amr Allah. He fell in disgrace during the reign of the Caliph al-Nasir li-Din Allah, who sent him in exile to the town of Wasit in 1194. In 1199, he made a triumphant return to the capital. He was one of the most prolific writers of Arabic literature. As a historian, he is especially known for his history of the caliphate from 871 to 1179, an exceptionally rich source; for his history of Sufism; and for his laudatory biographies.
Ibn al-Jawzi was an Islamic scholar whose family traces their lineage back to that of Abu Bakr, the famous companion of the prophet Muhammad and first caliph. He belonged to the Hanbali school of jurisprudential thought.
He was known for his works in exegesis of the Qur'an as well as his numerous hadith writings. One of the more famous of the latter is his "Tahqiq", a compendium of both the hadith evidence used by the Hanbali school of jurisprudential thought and a work of comparative law (Arabic: fiqh). He is said to have been a precocious child who allegedly made his first speech at the age of ten (attended by a crowd of 50,000), and authored his first book at the age of thirteen.
Ibn al-Jawzi is perhaps the most prolific author in Islamic history. The number of Ibn al-Jawzi’s books reached a staggering total of 376 texts. His works include:
* Al-Tahqiq
* A Great Collection of Fabricated Traditions (Al-Mawdu'at al-Kubra)
* Al-Muntazam fi Tarikh al-Umam (A categorical collection of the history of the nations)
Quranic Sciences
* Al-Mughni fi al-Tafsir, 81 parts
* Zad al-Masir fi ‘Ilm al-Tafsir, 4 volumes
* Taysir al-Bayan fi Tafsir al-Quran
* Tadhkirat al-Arib fi Tafsir al-Gharib
* Gharib al-Gharib
* Nuzhat al-‘Uyun al-Nawadhir fi al-Wujuh wa al-Nadha’ir
* Al-Wujuh wa al-Nawadhir fi al-Wujuh wa al-Nadha’ir, a summary of Nuzhat al-‘Uyun al-Nawadhir
* Al-Ishara ila al-Qira’at al-Mukhtara, 4 parts
* Tadhkirat al-Mutanabbih fi ‘Uyun al-Mushtabih
* Funun al-Afnan fi ‘Uyun ‘Ulum al-Quran
* Ward al-Aghsan fi Funun al-Afnan
* ‘Umdat al-Rasikh fi Ma’rifat al-Mansukh wa al-Nasikh, 5 parts
* Al-Musaffa bi Akuffi Ahl al-Rusukh min ‘Ilm al-Nasikh wal-Mansukh
Theology
* Muntaqad al-Mu’taqid
* Minhaj al-Wusul ila ‘Ilm al-Usul, 5 parts
* Bayan Ghaflat al-Qa’il bi Qidam Af’al al-‘Ibad
* Ghawamidh al-Ilahiyat
* Maslak al-‘Aql
* Minhaj Ahl al-Isaba
* Al-Sirr al-Masun
* Daf’ Shubhat al-Tashbih, 4 parts
* Al-Radd ‘Ala al-Muta’assib al-‘Anid
Traditions and Asceticism
* Jami’ al-Asanid bi Alkhas al-Asanid
* Al-Hada’iq, 34 parts
* Naqiy al-Naql, 5 parts
* Al-Mujtab
* Al-Nuzha, 2 parts
* ‘Uyun al-Hikayat
* Multaqat al-Hikayat, 13 parts
* Irshad al-Muridin fi Hikayat al-Salaf al-Salihin
* Rawdhat al-Naqil
* Ghurar al-Athar, 30 parts
* Al-Tahqiq fi Ahadith al-Ta’liq, 2 volumes
* Al-Madih, 7 parts
* Al-Mawdhu’at min al-Ahadith al-Marfu’at, 2 volumes
* Al-‘Ilal al-Mutanahiya fi al-Ahadith al-Wahiya, 2 volumes
* Ikhbar Ahl al-Rusukh fi al-Fiqh wal-Tahdith bi Miqdar al-Mansukh min al-Hadith
* Al-Sahm al-Musib, 2 parts
* Akhyar al-Dhakha’ir, 3 parts
* Al-Fawa’id ‘an al-Shuyukh, 60 parts
* Manaqib Ashab al-Hadith
* Mawt al-Khidhr
* Mukhtasar Mawt al-Khidhr
* Al-Mashyikha
* Al-Musalsalat
* Al-Muhtasab fi al-Nasab
* Tuhfat al-Tullab, 3 parts
* Tanwir Mudlahim al-Sharaf
* Al-Alqab
* Fadha’il ‘Umar b. al-Khattab
* Fadha’il ‘Umar b. ‘Abd al-‘Aziz
* Fadha’il Sa’id b. al-Musayyab
* Fadha’il al-Hasan al-Basri
* Manaqib al-Fudhayl b. ‘Ayadh, 4 parts
* Manaqib Bishr al-Hafi, 7 parts
* Manaqib Ibrahim b. Adham, 6 parts
* Manaqib Sufyan al-Thawri
* Manaqib Ahmad b. Hanbal
* Manaqib Ma’ruf al-Karkhi, 2 parts
* Manaqib Rabi’a al-‘Adawiyya
* Muthir al-‘Azm al-Sakin ila Ashraf al-Amakin
* Safwat al-Safwa, 5 parts, abridgment of Hilyat al-Awliya’ by Abu Nu’aym
* Minhaj al-Qasidin, 4 parts
* Al-Mukhtar min Akhbar al-Akhyar
* Al-Qati’ li Muhal al-Lijaj bi Muhal al-Hallaj, a rebuttal against the supporters of al-Hallaj, the pantheist who was executed by the agreement of the jurists from four schools.
* ‘Ujalat al-Muntadhar li Sharh Hal al-Khidhr
* Al-Nisa’ wa ma yata’alluq bi adabihin
* ‘Ilm al-Hadith al-Manqul fi Anna Aba Bakr Amma al-Rasul
* Al-Jawhar
* Al-Mughlaq
History
* Talqih Fuhum Ahl al-Athar fi ‘Uyun al-Tawarikh wa al-Siyar
* Al-Muntazam fi Tarikh al-Muluk wal-Umam, 10 volumes
* Shudhur al-‘Uqud fi Tarikh al-‘Uhud
* Tara’if al-Dhara’if fi Tarikh al-Sawalif
* Manaqib Baghdad
* Al-Wafa bi Fadha’il al-Mustafa, biography of the Prophet, 2 volumes
Fiqh
* al-Insaf fi Masa’il al-Khilaf
* Junnat al-Nadhir wa Jannat al-Nadhar
* ‘Umad al-Dala’il fi Mushtahar al-Masa’il
* Al-Mudhab fi al-Madhab
* Masbuk al-Dhahab
* Al-Nubdha
* Al-‘Ibadat al-Khams
* Asbab al-Hidaya li Arbab al-Bidaya
* Kashf al-Dhulma ‘an al-Dhiya’ fi Radd Da’wa Ilkiya
* Radd al-Lawm al-Dhaym fi Sawm Yawm al-Ghaym
Art of Preaching (wa’dh)
* al-Yawaqit fi al-Khutab
* al-Muntakhab fi al-Nuwab
* Muntakhab al-Muntakhab
* Muntakhal al-Muntakhab
* Nasim al-Riyadh
* Al-Lu’lu’
* Kanz al-Mudhakkir
* Al-Azaj
* Al-Lata’if
* Kunuz al-Rumuz
* Al-Muqtabis
* Zayn al-Qisas
* Mawafiq al-Marafiq
* Shahid wa Mashhud
* Wasitat al-‘Uqud min Shahid wa Mashhud
* Al-Lahab, 2 parts
* Al-Mudhish
* Saba Najd
* Muhadathat al-‘Aql
* Laqt al-Juman
* Al-Muq’ad al-Muqim
* Iqadh al-Wasnan min al-Raqadat bi Ahwal al-Haywan wal-Nabat, 2 parts
* Nakt al-Majalis al-Badriyya, 2 parts
* Nuzhat al-Adib, 2 parts
* Muntaha al-Muntaha
* Tabsirat al-Mubtadi’, 20 parts
* Al-Yaquta, 2 parts
* Tuhfat al-Wu’adh
Various sciences
* Dham al-Hawa, 2 volumes
* Sayd al-Khatir, 65 parts
* Ihkam al-Ish’ar bi Ahkam al-Ash’ar, 20 parts
* Al-Qussas al-Mudhakkirin
* Taqwim al-Lisan
* Al-Adhkiya
* Al-Hamqa
* Talbis Iblis, 2 volumes
* Laqt al-Manafi’ fi al-Tibb, 2 volumes
* Al-Shayb al-Khidhab
* A’mar al-A’yan
* Al-Thabat ‘ind al-Mamat, 2 parts
* Tanwir al-Ghabash fi Fadhl al-Sud wal-Habash, 2 parts
* Al-Hath ‘ala Hifdh al-‘Ilm wa Dhikr Kibar al-Huffadh
* Ashraf al-Mawali, 2 parts
* I’lam al-Ahya bi Aghlat al-Ihya, a criticism of Ihya ‘Ulum al-Din by al-Ghazzali
* Tahrim al-Muhill al-Makruh
* Al-Misbah al-Mudhi’ li Dawlat al-Imam al-Mustadhi’
* ‘Atf al-‘Ulama ‘ala al-Umara wal-Umara ‘ala al-‘Ulama
* Al-Nasr ‘Ala Misr
* Al-Majd al-‘Adhudi
* Al-Fajr al-Nuri
* Manaqib al-Sitr al-Rafi’
* Ma Qultuhu min al-Ash’ar
* Al-Maqamat
* Min Rasa’ili
* Al-Tibb al-Ruhani
* Bayan al-Khata wal-Sawab fi Ahadith Ibn Shihab, 16 parts
* Al-Baz al-Ashhab al-Munqadh ‘ala man Khalafa al-Madhab, a treatise in Fiqh
* Al-Nur fi Fadha’il al-Ayyam wal-Shuhur
* Taqrib al-Tariq al-Ab’ad fi Fadha’il Maqbarat Ahmad
* Manaqib al-Imam al-Shafi’i
* Al-‘Uzlah
* Al-Riyadha
* Minhaj al-Isaba fi Mahabat al-Sahaba
* Funun al-Albab
* Al-Dhurafa wal-Mutamajinin
* Manaqib Abi Bakr
* Manaqib ‘Ali
* Fadha’il al-‘Arab
* Durrat al-Iklil fi al-Tarikh, 4 volumes
* Al-Amthal
* Al-Manfa’ah fi al-Madhahib al-Arba’ah, 2 volumes
* Al-Mukhtar min al-Ash’ar, 10 volumes
* Ru’us al-Qawarir, 2 volumes
* Al-Murtajal fi al-Wa’dh
* Dhakhirat al-Wa’idh, several volumes
* Al-Zajr al-Makhuf
* Al-Ins wal-Mahabba
* Al-Mutrib al-Mulhib
* Al-Zand al-Wariy fi al-Wa’dh al-Nasiriy, 2 parts
* Al-Fakhir fi Ayyam al-Imam al-Nasir
* Al-Majd al-Salahi
* Lughat al-Fiqh, 2 parts
* ‘Aqd al-Khanasir fi Dhamm al-Khalifat al-Nasir
* Dhamm ‘Abd al-Qadir, a censure of ‘Abd al-Qadir al-Jaylani
* Gharib al-Hadith
* Mulah al-Ahadith, 2 parts
* Al-Fusul al-Wa’dhiya ‘ala Huruf al-Mu’jam
* Salwat al-Ahzan, 10 volumes
* Al-Ma’shuq fil-Wa’dh
* Al-Majahlis al-Yusufiyya fil-Wa’dh
* Al-Wa’dh al-Maqbari
* Qiyam al-Layl, 3 parts
* Al-Muhadatha
* Al-Munaja
* Zahir al-Jawahir fil-Wa’dh, 4 parts
* Al-Nuhat al-Khawatim, 2 parts
* Al-Murtaqa li man Ittaqa
* Hawashi ‘ala Sihah al-Jawhari
* Mukhtasar Funun Ibn ‘Aqil, 10 odd volumes
Theology
Ibn al-Jawzi is famous for the theological stance that he took against other Hanbalites of the time, in particular Ibn al-Zaghuni and al-Qadi Abu Ya'la. He believed that these and other Hanbalites had gone to extremes in affirming God's Attributes, so much so that he accused them of tarnishing the reputation of Hanbalites and making it synonymous with extreme anthropomorphism. Ibn al-Jawzi believed that Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal himself disapproved of such theology. Ibn al-Jawzi's most famous work in this regard is his Daff' Shubah al-Tashbih.
'Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Jawzi see Ibn al-Jawzi, ‘Abd al-Rahman
Abu'l-Faraj ibn al-Jawzi see Ibn al-Jawzi, ‘Abd al-Rahman
Ibn al-Jawzi, ‘Abd al-Rahman (‘Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Jawzi) (Abu'l-Faraj ibn al-Jawzi) (1126-1200). Hanbali jurisconsult, traditionist, historian and preacher in Baghdad. He was one of the most influential persons in the ‘Abbasid capital, as much through his activity in the university as through his preaching, especially during the reign of the ‘Abbasid Caliph al-Mustadi‘ bi-Amr Allah. He fell in disgrace during the reign of the Caliph al-Nasir li-Din Allah, who sent him in exile to the town of Wasit in 1194. In 1199, he made a triumphant return to the capital. He was one of the most prolific writers of Arabic literature. As a historian, he is especially known for his history of the caliphate from 871 to 1179, an exceptionally rich source; for his history of Sufism; and for his laudatory biographies.
Ibn al-Jawzi was an Islamic scholar whose family traces their lineage back to that of Abu Bakr, the famous companion of the prophet Muhammad and first caliph. He belonged to the Hanbali school of jurisprudential thought.
He was known for his works in exegesis of the Qur'an as well as his numerous hadith writings. One of the more famous of the latter is his "Tahqiq", a compendium of both the hadith evidence used by the Hanbali school of jurisprudential thought and a work of comparative law (Arabic: fiqh). He is said to have been a precocious child who allegedly made his first speech at the age of ten (attended by a crowd of 50,000), and authored his first book at the age of thirteen.
Ibn al-Jawzi is perhaps the most prolific author in Islamic history. The number of Ibn al-Jawzi’s books reached a staggering total of 376 texts. His works include:
* Al-Tahqiq
* A Great Collection of Fabricated Traditions (Al-Mawdu'at al-Kubra)
* Al-Muntazam fi Tarikh al-Umam (A categorical collection of the history of the nations)
Quranic Sciences
* Al-Mughni fi al-Tafsir, 81 parts
* Zad al-Masir fi ‘Ilm al-Tafsir, 4 volumes
* Taysir al-Bayan fi Tafsir al-Quran
* Tadhkirat al-Arib fi Tafsir al-Gharib
* Gharib al-Gharib
* Nuzhat al-‘Uyun al-Nawadhir fi al-Wujuh wa al-Nadha’ir
* Al-Wujuh wa al-Nawadhir fi al-Wujuh wa al-Nadha’ir, a summary of Nuzhat al-‘Uyun al-Nawadhir
* Al-Ishara ila al-Qira’at al-Mukhtara, 4 parts
* Tadhkirat al-Mutanabbih fi ‘Uyun al-Mushtabih
* Funun al-Afnan fi ‘Uyun ‘Ulum al-Quran
* Ward al-Aghsan fi Funun al-Afnan
* ‘Umdat al-Rasikh fi Ma’rifat al-Mansukh wa al-Nasikh, 5 parts
* Al-Musaffa bi Akuffi Ahl al-Rusukh min ‘Ilm al-Nasikh wal-Mansukh
Theology
* Muntaqad al-Mu’taqid
* Minhaj al-Wusul ila ‘Ilm al-Usul, 5 parts
* Bayan Ghaflat al-Qa’il bi Qidam Af’al al-‘Ibad
* Ghawamidh al-Ilahiyat
* Maslak al-‘Aql
* Minhaj Ahl al-Isaba
* Al-Sirr al-Masun
* Daf’ Shubhat al-Tashbih, 4 parts
* Al-Radd ‘Ala al-Muta’assib al-‘Anid
Traditions and Asceticism
* Jami’ al-Asanid bi Alkhas al-Asanid
* Al-Hada’iq, 34 parts
* Naqiy al-Naql, 5 parts
* Al-Mujtab
* Al-Nuzha, 2 parts
* ‘Uyun al-Hikayat
* Multaqat al-Hikayat, 13 parts
* Irshad al-Muridin fi Hikayat al-Salaf al-Salihin
* Rawdhat al-Naqil
* Ghurar al-Athar, 30 parts
* Al-Tahqiq fi Ahadith al-Ta’liq, 2 volumes
* Al-Madih, 7 parts
* Al-Mawdhu’at min al-Ahadith al-Marfu’at, 2 volumes
* Al-‘Ilal al-Mutanahiya fi al-Ahadith al-Wahiya, 2 volumes
* Ikhbar Ahl al-Rusukh fi al-Fiqh wal-Tahdith bi Miqdar al-Mansukh min al-Hadith
* Al-Sahm al-Musib, 2 parts
* Akhyar al-Dhakha’ir, 3 parts
* Al-Fawa’id ‘an al-Shuyukh, 60 parts
* Manaqib Ashab al-Hadith
* Mawt al-Khidhr
* Mukhtasar Mawt al-Khidhr
* Al-Mashyikha
* Al-Musalsalat
* Al-Muhtasab fi al-Nasab
* Tuhfat al-Tullab, 3 parts
* Tanwir Mudlahim al-Sharaf
* Al-Alqab
* Fadha’il ‘Umar b. al-Khattab
* Fadha’il ‘Umar b. ‘Abd al-‘Aziz
* Fadha’il Sa’id b. al-Musayyab
* Fadha’il al-Hasan al-Basri
* Manaqib al-Fudhayl b. ‘Ayadh, 4 parts
* Manaqib Bishr al-Hafi, 7 parts
* Manaqib Ibrahim b. Adham, 6 parts
* Manaqib Sufyan al-Thawri
* Manaqib Ahmad b. Hanbal
* Manaqib Ma’ruf al-Karkhi, 2 parts
* Manaqib Rabi’a al-‘Adawiyya
* Muthir al-‘Azm al-Sakin ila Ashraf al-Amakin
* Safwat al-Safwa, 5 parts, abridgment of Hilyat al-Awliya’ by Abu Nu’aym
* Minhaj al-Qasidin, 4 parts
* Al-Mukhtar min Akhbar al-Akhyar
* Al-Qati’ li Muhal al-Lijaj bi Muhal al-Hallaj, a rebuttal against the supporters of al-Hallaj, the pantheist who was executed by the agreement of the jurists from four schools.
* ‘Ujalat al-Muntadhar li Sharh Hal al-Khidhr
* Al-Nisa’ wa ma yata’alluq bi adabihin
* ‘Ilm al-Hadith al-Manqul fi Anna Aba Bakr Amma al-Rasul
* Al-Jawhar
* Al-Mughlaq
History
* Talqih Fuhum Ahl al-Athar fi ‘Uyun al-Tawarikh wa al-Siyar
* Al-Muntazam fi Tarikh al-Muluk wal-Umam, 10 volumes
* Shudhur al-‘Uqud fi Tarikh al-‘Uhud
* Tara’if al-Dhara’if fi Tarikh al-Sawalif
* Manaqib Baghdad
* Al-Wafa bi Fadha’il al-Mustafa, biography of the Prophet, 2 volumes
Fiqh
* al-Insaf fi Masa’il al-Khilaf
* Junnat al-Nadhir wa Jannat al-Nadhar
* ‘Umad al-Dala’il fi Mushtahar al-Masa’il
* Al-Mudhab fi al-Madhab
* Masbuk al-Dhahab
* Al-Nubdha
* Al-‘Ibadat al-Khams
* Asbab al-Hidaya li Arbab al-Bidaya
* Kashf al-Dhulma ‘an al-Dhiya’ fi Radd Da’wa Ilkiya
* Radd al-Lawm al-Dhaym fi Sawm Yawm al-Ghaym
Art of Preaching (wa’dh)
* al-Yawaqit fi al-Khutab
* al-Muntakhab fi al-Nuwab
* Muntakhab al-Muntakhab
* Muntakhal al-Muntakhab
* Nasim al-Riyadh
* Al-Lu’lu’
* Kanz al-Mudhakkir
* Al-Azaj
* Al-Lata’if
* Kunuz al-Rumuz
* Al-Muqtabis
* Zayn al-Qisas
* Mawafiq al-Marafiq
* Shahid wa Mashhud
* Wasitat al-‘Uqud min Shahid wa Mashhud
* Al-Lahab, 2 parts
* Al-Mudhish
* Saba Najd
* Muhadathat al-‘Aql
* Laqt al-Juman
* Al-Muq’ad al-Muqim
* Iqadh al-Wasnan min al-Raqadat bi Ahwal al-Haywan wal-Nabat, 2 parts
* Nakt al-Majalis al-Badriyya, 2 parts
* Nuzhat al-Adib, 2 parts
* Muntaha al-Muntaha
* Tabsirat al-Mubtadi’, 20 parts
* Al-Yaquta, 2 parts
* Tuhfat al-Wu’adh
Various sciences
* Dham al-Hawa, 2 volumes
* Sayd al-Khatir, 65 parts
* Ihkam al-Ish’ar bi Ahkam al-Ash’ar, 20 parts
* Al-Qussas al-Mudhakkirin
* Taqwim al-Lisan
* Al-Adhkiya
* Al-Hamqa
* Talbis Iblis, 2 volumes
* Laqt al-Manafi’ fi al-Tibb, 2 volumes
* Al-Shayb al-Khidhab
* A’mar al-A’yan
* Al-Thabat ‘ind al-Mamat, 2 parts
* Tanwir al-Ghabash fi Fadhl al-Sud wal-Habash, 2 parts
* Al-Hath ‘ala Hifdh al-‘Ilm wa Dhikr Kibar al-Huffadh
* Ashraf al-Mawali, 2 parts
* I’lam al-Ahya bi Aghlat al-Ihya, a criticism of Ihya ‘Ulum al-Din by al-Ghazzali
* Tahrim al-Muhill al-Makruh
* Al-Misbah al-Mudhi’ li Dawlat al-Imam al-Mustadhi’
* ‘Atf al-‘Ulama ‘ala al-Umara wal-Umara ‘ala al-‘Ulama
* Al-Nasr ‘Ala Misr
* Al-Majd al-‘Adhudi
* Al-Fajr al-Nuri
* Manaqib al-Sitr al-Rafi’
* Ma Qultuhu min al-Ash’ar
* Al-Maqamat
* Min Rasa’ili
* Al-Tibb al-Ruhani
* Bayan al-Khata wal-Sawab fi Ahadith Ibn Shihab, 16 parts
* Al-Baz al-Ashhab al-Munqadh ‘ala man Khalafa al-Madhab, a treatise in Fiqh
* Al-Nur fi Fadha’il al-Ayyam wal-Shuhur
* Taqrib al-Tariq al-Ab’ad fi Fadha’il Maqbarat Ahmad
* Manaqib al-Imam al-Shafi’i
* Al-‘Uzlah
* Al-Riyadha
* Minhaj al-Isaba fi Mahabat al-Sahaba
* Funun al-Albab
* Al-Dhurafa wal-Mutamajinin
* Manaqib Abi Bakr
* Manaqib ‘Ali
* Fadha’il al-‘Arab
* Durrat al-Iklil fi al-Tarikh, 4 volumes
* Al-Amthal
* Al-Manfa’ah fi al-Madhahib al-Arba’ah, 2 volumes
* Al-Mukhtar min al-Ash’ar, 10 volumes
* Ru’us al-Qawarir, 2 volumes
* Al-Murtajal fi al-Wa’dh
* Dhakhirat al-Wa’idh, several volumes
* Al-Zajr al-Makhuf
* Al-Ins wal-Mahabba
* Al-Mutrib al-Mulhib
* Al-Zand al-Wariy fi al-Wa’dh al-Nasiriy, 2 parts
* Al-Fakhir fi Ayyam al-Imam al-Nasir
* Al-Majd al-Salahi
* Lughat al-Fiqh, 2 parts
* ‘Aqd al-Khanasir fi Dhamm al-Khalifat al-Nasir
* Dhamm ‘Abd al-Qadir, a censure of ‘Abd al-Qadir al-Jaylani
* Gharib al-Hadith
* Mulah al-Ahadith, 2 parts
* Al-Fusul al-Wa’dhiya ‘ala Huruf al-Mu’jam
* Salwat al-Ahzan, 10 volumes
* Al-Ma’shuq fil-Wa’dh
* Al-Majahlis al-Yusufiyya fil-Wa’dh
* Al-Wa’dh al-Maqbari
* Qiyam al-Layl, 3 parts
* Al-Muhadatha
* Al-Munaja
* Zahir al-Jawahir fil-Wa’dh, 4 parts
* Al-Nuhat al-Khawatim, 2 parts
* Al-Murtaqa li man Ittaqa
* Hawashi ‘ala Sihah al-Jawhari
* Mukhtasar Funun Ibn ‘Aqil, 10 odd volumes
Theology
Ibn al-Jawzi is famous for the theological stance that he took against other Hanbalites of the time, in particular Ibn al-Zaghuni and al-Qadi Abu Ya'la. He believed that these and other Hanbalites had gone to extremes in affirming God's Attributes, so much so that he accused them of tarnishing the reputation of Hanbalites and making it synonymous with extreme anthropomorphism. Ibn al-Jawzi believed that Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal himself disapproved of such theology. Ibn al-Jawzi's most famous work in this regard is his Daff' Shubah al-Tashbih.
'Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Jawzi see Ibn al-Jawzi, ‘Abd al-Rahman
Abu'l-Faraj ibn al-Jawzi see Ibn al-Jawzi, ‘Abd al-Rahman
Ibn al-Jawzi, Sibt
Ibn al-Jawzi, Sibt (Sibt ibn al-Jawzi) (Abu-Muzaffar) (Yusuf ibn Abd-Allah) (1185-1256). Preacher and historian. A grandson of ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Jawzi, he abandoned Hanbalism for Hanafism. He is the author of an expansive universal history. The work is of great value not only for his own period but also for the tenth through eleventh centuries because he preserved in extenso and without criticism the versions of sources which often no longer survive.
Yusuf ibn Abd-Allah, famously known as Sibt ibn al-Jawzi or Abu-Muzaffar, was a famous scholar. He was the grandson of the great Hanbali scholar Abul-Faraj Ibn Al-Jawzi who is known for his works such as A Great Collection of Fabricated Traditions (Arabic: Al-Mawdu'at al-Kubra) and the Provision of the Journey (Arabic:Zad Al-Maseer). His name "Sibt ibn al-Jawzi" denotes that he is the "Sibt" or grandson from his daughter, or his daughter's son (as opposed to the "hafeed" which is the grandson from the son, or the son's son.)
Yusuf is known to be Sunni. He followed the Hanafi school of jurisprudential thought. He was known for his high intellect and diligence in research.
Born in Baghdad, in his formative years he was raised on Hanbali educational materials, yet when his family moved to Mosul, Iraq, he began his Hanafi education. He was known for his book "Mir’at al-zaman" his famous work of history, that is reported to be forty volumes long in his own handwriting.
Yusuf died in Damascus, in his home atop Mount Qasiyun, and was buried there.
The works of Sibt ibn al-Jawzi include:
* "Mir’at al-zaman" was his famous work of history.
* The Defense and Advocacy of the True School of Law (Arabic: al-Intisar wa al-Tarjih li al-Madhhab al-Sahih) - in praise of Abu Hanifa and his school.
Sibt ibn al-Jawzi see Ibn al-Jawzi, Sibt
Abu-Muzaffar see Ibn al-Jawzi, Sibt
Yusuf ibn Abd-Allah see Ibn al-Jawzi, Sibt
Ibn al-Jawzi, Sibt (Sibt ibn al-Jawzi) (Abu-Muzaffar) (Yusuf ibn Abd-Allah) (1185-1256). Preacher and historian. A grandson of ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Jawzi, he abandoned Hanbalism for Hanafism. He is the author of an expansive universal history. The work is of great value not only for his own period but also for the tenth through eleventh centuries because he preserved in extenso and without criticism the versions of sources which often no longer survive.
Yusuf ibn Abd-Allah, famously known as Sibt ibn al-Jawzi or Abu-Muzaffar, was a famous scholar. He was the grandson of the great Hanbali scholar Abul-Faraj Ibn Al-Jawzi who is known for his works such as A Great Collection of Fabricated Traditions (Arabic: Al-Mawdu'at al-Kubra) and the Provision of the Journey (Arabic:Zad Al-Maseer). His name "Sibt ibn al-Jawzi" denotes that he is the "Sibt" or grandson from his daughter, or his daughter's son (as opposed to the "hafeed" which is the grandson from the son, or the son's son.)
Yusuf is known to be Sunni. He followed the Hanafi school of jurisprudential thought. He was known for his high intellect and diligence in research.
Born in Baghdad, in his formative years he was raised on Hanbali educational materials, yet when his family moved to Mosul, Iraq, he began his Hanafi education. He was known for his book "Mir’at al-zaman" his famous work of history, that is reported to be forty volumes long in his own handwriting.
Yusuf died in Damascus, in his home atop Mount Qasiyun, and was buried there.
The works of Sibt ibn al-Jawzi include:
* "Mir’at al-zaman" was his famous work of history.
* The Defense and Advocacy of the True School of Law (Arabic: al-Intisar wa al-Tarjih li al-Madhhab al-Sahih) - in praise of Abu Hanifa and his school.
Sibt ibn al-Jawzi see Ibn al-Jawzi, Sibt
Abu-Muzaffar see Ibn al-Jawzi, Sibt
Yusuf ibn Abd-Allah see Ibn al-Jawzi, Sibt
Ibn al-Jazzar
Ahmed Ben Jaafar Ben Brahim Ibn al-Jazzar al-Qayrawani (c. 895 – c. 979) (Arabic: أبو جعفر أحمد بن أبي خالد بن الجزار القيرواني), was an influential 10th-century Muslim physician who became famous for his writings on Islamic medicine. He was born in Qayrawan in modern-day Tunisia. He was known in Europe by the Latinized name Algizar.
Ahmed Ben Jaafar Ben Brahim Ibn al-Jazzar al-Qayrawani (c. 895 – c. 979) (Arabic: أبو جعفر أحمد بن أبي خالد بن الجزار القيرواني), was an influential 10th-century Muslim physician who became famous for his writings on Islamic medicine. He was born in Qayrawan in modern-day Tunisia. He was known in Europe by the Latinized name Algizar.
We know the biography of Ibn al-Jazzar only by an Andalusian physician Ibn Joljol and he only knew it by his student Ibn Bariq, who went to Qayrawan, Tunisia to learn medicine. The writers of Tabakates or "classes of famous men" generally considered writing only for Faquih, the benefactors and the saints. Thus, the information we have about Ibn al-Jazzar is second hand.
Ahmed Ben Jaafar Ben Brahim Ibn al-Jazzar was born in Qayrawan around 895, and died around 979. He had learned the Qu'ran at kuttab in his youth, and grammar, theology, fiqh and history at the mosque Okba Ibn Nafaa. Ibn al-Jazzar learned medicine from his father and his uncle that were physicians, and from Ishaq Ibn Suleiman (Isaac Ben Salomon), a physician in Qayrawan.
In the time of Ibn al-Jazzar, medical training was provided by the doctors themselves at home. This was the case with the education of Ibn al-Jazzar. He said himself in the conclusion of his book Zad al-Mussafir, he would be available at home for his students at the end of his daily consultations.
At that time, the medical teaching was oral. After all, paper was not widely spread in the ninth century, and scrolls were rare and expensive. Ibn Al Jazzar had a library rich of 25 quintals, as it seems. This figure seems exaggerated. The quintal at the time amounted to 50 kg according to some and 25 kg according to others. These books were not all about medicine, but also of other disciplines.
Ibn al-Jazzar wrote a number of books. They deal with grammar, history, jurisprudence, prosody, etc. Many of these books, quoted by different authors are lost. The most important book of Ibn al-Jazzar is Zad al-Mussafir (The Viaticum). Translated into Latin, Greek and Hebrew, it was copied, recopied, and printed in France and Italy in the sixteenth century. It was adopted and popularized in Europe as a book for a classical education in medicine.
Zad al-Mussafir is a medicine handbook from head to feet, designed for clinical teaching. In the text, the author names the disease, lists the known symptoms, gives the treatment and sometimes indicates the prognosis. He often cites in reference the names of foreign authors, as if to give importance to his subject, or for intellectual integrity to justify the loans.
One can not speak of Ibn al-Jazzar without mentioning the translator of his books: Constantine the African. Constantine translated Zad al-Mussafir, the Guide for the Traveller Going to Distant Countries (or Traveller's Provision), into Viaticum peregrinantis. Viaticum peregrinantis became a medieval bestseller. Viaticum peregrinantis was translated into Greek and Hebrew as Zedat ha-derachim, which helped propel the treatise to international bestseller and most read status.
Just as travellers today seek advice on how to handle all kinds of ailments on the road, travellers in medieval times also needed a reference book to see them through the bad times. Not only for travellers, Viaticum peregrinantis was a systematic and comprehensive medical work accepted into the so-called Articella or Ars medicinae, a compendium of medical textbooks widely used in medical schools and universities at Salerno, Montpellier, Bologna, Paris and Oxford. It contained remarkable descriptions of smallpox and measles.
Just as travellers today seek advice on how to handle all kinds of ailments on the road, travellers in medieval times also needed a reference book to see them through the bad times. Not only for travellers, Viaticum peregrinantis was a systematic and comprehensive medical work accepted into the so-called Articella or Ars medicinae, a compendium of medical textbooks widely used in medical schools and universities at Salerno, Montpellier, Bologna, Paris and Oxford. It contained remarkable descriptions of smallpox and measles.
Ibn al-Jazzar also had other books on pediatrics, fevers, sexual disorders, medicine of the poor, therapeutics, stomach disorders, leprosy, separate drugs, compound drugs, and this is in addition to his books in other areas of science, e.g., history, animals and literature.
Ibn al-Jazzar died around 979 leaving 24,000 dinars and twenty-five quintars (about 2500 pounds) of books on medicine and other subjects. The legacy of Ibn al-Jazzar also included a treatise on women's diseases and their treatment. According to Ibn al-Jazzar, menstruation played a central role in maintaining women's health as well as in causing women's diseases. Such writings earned Ibn al-Jazzar immense fame and made him very influential in medieval western Europe.
Ibn al-Jazzar died around 979 leaving 24,000 dinars and twenty-five quintars (about 2500 pounds) of books on medicine and other subjects. The legacy of Ibn al-Jazzar also included a treatise on women's diseases and their treatment. According to Ibn al-Jazzar, menstruation played a central role in maintaining women's health as well as in causing women's diseases. Such writings earned Ibn al-Jazzar immense fame and made him very influential in medieval western Europe.
Ibn al-Khasib, Abu Bakr
Ibn al-Khasib, Abu Bakr (Abu Bakr ibn al-Khasib). Astrologer of Baghdad, known in the West as Albubather.
Abu Bakr al-Hassan ibn al-Khasib, also al-Khaseb, Albubather in Latin, was a Persian physician and astrologer of the 9th century.
He wrote in Persian and Arabic and is best known by his work De nativitatibus which was translated into Latin by Canonicus Salio in Padua 1218, and was also translated into Hebrew.
[edit]
Abu Bakr ibn al-Khasib see Ibn al-Khasib, Abu Bakr
Albubather see Ibn al-Khasib, Abu Bakr
Ibn al-Khasib, Abu Bakr (Abu Bakr ibn al-Khasib). Astrologer of Baghdad, known in the West as Albubather.
Abu Bakr al-Hassan ibn al-Khasib, also al-Khaseb, Albubather in Latin, was a Persian physician and astrologer of the 9th century.
He wrote in Persian and Arabic and is best known by his work De nativitatibus which was translated into Latin by Canonicus Salio in Padua 1218, and was also translated into Hebrew.
[edit]
Abu Bakr ibn al-Khasib see Ibn al-Khasib, Abu Bakr
Albubather see Ibn al-Khasib, Abu Bakr
Ibn al-Khatib
Ibn al-Khatib (Lisan al-Din) (Lisan al-Din ibn al-Khatib) (Muhammad ibn Abd Allah ibn Said ibn Ali ibn Ahmad al-Salmani) (1313, in Loia near Granada - 1375, in Fez). Vizier and historian of Granada. He was the greatest Muslim writer of Granada, distinguishing himself in almost all branches of learning.
Ibn al-Khatib was a poet, writer, historian, philosopher, physician and politician from Al-Andalus. Some of his poems decorate the walls ot the Alhambra in Granada.
Ibn al-Khatib spent most of his life as vizier at the court of Muhammed V, but was exiled from Granada twice and lived for some time in the Marinid empire in Morocco (the first time 1360-62 and the second time 1371-74 in Ceuta and Tlemcen and Fez). He was murdered in 1374 in revenge of a private feud.
Ibn al-Khatib excelled as a historian and he wrote excellent poetry some of which was put to music as muwashshahat. His autobiography, written in 1369, is to be found in part of his his 'al-Ihata fi akhbar Gharnata' (The Complete Source on the History of Granada).
Lisan al-Din see Ibn al-Khatib
Lisan al-Din ibn al-Khatib see Ibn al-Khatib
Muhammad ibn Abd Allah ibn Said ibn Ali ibn Ahmad al-Salmani see Ibn al-Khatib
Ibn al-Khatib (Lisan al-Din) (Lisan al-Din ibn al-Khatib) (Muhammad ibn Abd Allah ibn Said ibn Ali ibn Ahmad al-Salmani) (1313, in Loia near Granada - 1375, in Fez). Vizier and historian of Granada. He was the greatest Muslim writer of Granada, distinguishing himself in almost all branches of learning.
Ibn al-Khatib was a poet, writer, historian, philosopher, physician and politician from Al-Andalus. Some of his poems decorate the walls ot the Alhambra in Granada.
Ibn al-Khatib spent most of his life as vizier at the court of Muhammed V, but was exiled from Granada twice and lived for some time in the Marinid empire in Morocco (the first time 1360-62 and the second time 1371-74 in Ceuta and Tlemcen and Fez). He was murdered in 1374 in revenge of a private feud.
Ibn al-Khatib excelled as a historian and he wrote excellent poetry some of which was put to music as muwashshahat. His autobiography, written in 1369, is to be found in part of his his 'al-Ihata fi akhbar Gharnata' (The Complete Source on the History of Granada).
Lisan al-Din see Ibn al-Khatib
Lisan al-Din ibn al-Khatib see Ibn al-Khatib
Muhammad ibn Abd Allah ibn Said ibn Ali ibn Ahmad al-Salmani see Ibn al-Khatib
Ibn al-Khayyat, Abu‘l-Hasan
Ibn al-Khayyat, Abu‘l-Hasan (Abu‘l-Hasan ibn al-Khayyat). Arab poet in Sicily during the eleventh century. He was the panegyrist -- eulogist -- of the Kalbis.
Abu'l-Hasan ibn al-Khayyat see Ibn al-Khayyat, Abu‘l-Hasan
Ibn al-Khayyat, Abu‘l-Hasan (Abu‘l-Hasan ibn al-Khayyat). Arab poet in Sicily during the eleventh century. He was the panegyrist -- eulogist -- of the Kalbis.
Abu'l-Hasan ibn al-Khayyat see Ibn al-Khayyat, Abu‘l-Hasan
Ibn al-Labbana
Ibn al-Labbana (al-Dani) (Abu Bakr ibn Isa al-Dani) (b. mid-11th century - d. 1113). Andalusian poet of the eleventh century. He is famous for his loyalty to the poet king al-Mu‘tamid ibn ‘Abbad.
Abu Bakr ibn Isa al-Dani, called Ibn al-Labbana ( 'the son of the milk') was a poet Andalusian born in Benissa (Taifa of Denia) in mid-eleventh century and died in the Taifa de Mallorca in 1113.
Ibn al-Labbana traveled throughout Al-Andalus offering his services as a courtly poet various kings. From his early years there is a muwassaha composed in honor of Al-Mamun of Toledo. He also wrote eulogies dedicated to the Almoravids of Zaragoza and the monarch Mubassir Nasr al-Dawla of Mallorca, where he ended his days.
Ibn al-Labbana has gone down in history for being part of the Academy of court poets of Al-Mutamid of Seville. The Academy was comprised of only those members who had passed a difficult test of skill in the art of poetry. Ibn al-Labbana lived in Seville at the time that coincided with Abenamar or Abenzaidún, two of the best poets of the time.
Ibn al-Labbana's most famous poetic composition is the qasida expressing grief over the departure of the court of Al-Mutamid, Taifa of Seville, from the port of Triana into exile after the Almoravid conquest of the city. The poem reflects the swan song of the refined culture of the early Taifa kingdoms.
Dani, al- see Ibn al-Labbana
Abu Bakr ibn Isa al-Dani see Ibn al-Labbana
"The Son of the Milk" see Ibn al-Labbana
Ibn al-Labbana (al-Dani) (Abu Bakr ibn Isa al-Dani) (b. mid-11th century - d. 1113). Andalusian poet of the eleventh century. He is famous for his loyalty to the poet king al-Mu‘tamid ibn ‘Abbad.
Abu Bakr ibn Isa al-Dani, called Ibn al-Labbana ( 'the son of the milk') was a poet Andalusian born in Benissa (Taifa of Denia) in mid-eleventh century and died in the Taifa de Mallorca in 1113.
Ibn al-Labbana traveled throughout Al-Andalus offering his services as a courtly poet various kings. From his early years there is a muwassaha composed in honor of Al-Mamun of Toledo. He also wrote eulogies dedicated to the Almoravids of Zaragoza and the monarch Mubassir Nasr al-Dawla of Mallorca, where he ended his days.
Ibn al-Labbana has gone down in history for being part of the Academy of court poets of Al-Mutamid of Seville. The Academy was comprised of only those members who had passed a difficult test of skill in the art of poetry. Ibn al-Labbana lived in Seville at the time that coincided with Abenamar or Abenzaidún, two of the best poets of the time.
Ibn al-Labbana's most famous poetic composition is the qasida expressing grief over the departure of the court of Al-Mutamid, Taifa of Seville, from the port of Triana into exile after the Almoravid conquest of the city. The poem reflects the swan song of the refined culture of the early Taifa kingdoms.
Dani, al- see Ibn al-Labbana
Abu Bakr ibn Isa al-Dani see Ibn al-Labbana
"The Son of the Milk" see Ibn al-Labbana
Ibn al-Mudabbir
Ibn al-Mudabbir. Name of two brothers, who played an important role as high officials, courtiers and men of letters at Samarra and in Egypt and Syria during the middle of the ninth century. Abu‘l-Hasan Ahmad (d. 883) was director of finance in Egypt and became the most powerful man of his time. Abu Ishaq (Abu Yusr) (d. 892) is probably the author of one of the earliest treatises on administration and the civil service.
Ibn al-Mudabbir. Name of two brothers, who played an important role as high officials, courtiers and men of letters at Samarra and in Egypt and Syria during the middle of the ninth century. Abu‘l-Hasan Ahmad (d. 883) was director of finance in Egypt and became the most powerful man of his time. Abu Ishaq (Abu Yusr) (d. 892) is probably the author of one of the earliest treatises on administration and the civil service.
Ibn al-Mujawir, Yusuf ibn Ya‘qub
Ibn al-Mujawir, Yusuf ibn Ya‘qub (Yusuf ibn Ya‘qub ibn al-Mujawir) (1204-1291). Geographer and historian from Damascus. He is the reputed author of an important work on the geography, history and customs of western and southern Arabia. It is a collection of itineraries which contains miscellaneous information on towns and tribes, and describes in detail Jidda, Zabid, Aden, Qalhat, Muscat, Suhar, the island of Qays (Kish) and Bahrain.
Yusuf ibn Ya'qub ibn al-Mujawir see Ibn al-Mujawir, Yusuf ibn Ya‘qub
Ibn al-Mujawir, Yusuf ibn Ya‘qub (Yusuf ibn Ya‘qub ibn al-Mujawir) (1204-1291). Geographer and historian from Damascus. He is the reputed author of an important work on the geography, history and customs of western and southern Arabia. It is a collection of itineraries which contains miscellaneous information on towns and tribes, and describes in detail Jidda, Zabid, Aden, Qalhat, Muscat, Suhar, the island of Qays (Kish) and Bahrain.
Yusuf ibn Ya'qub ibn al-Mujawir see Ibn al-Mujawir, Yusuf ibn Ya‘qub
Ibn al-Mundhir
Ibn al-Mundhir. Grand master and chief veterinary surgeon of the stables of the Bahri Mameluke al-Nasir Muhammad ibn Qalawun. He wrote a treatise on hippology -- the study of horses.
Ibn al-Mundhir. Grand master and chief veterinary surgeon of the stables of the Bahri Mameluke al-Nasir Muhammad ibn Qalawun. He wrote a treatise on hippology -- the study of horses.
Ibn al-Muqaffa‘
Ibn al-Muqaffa‘ (‘Abd Allah ibn al-Muqaffa‘) (Abū-Muhammad Abd-Allāh Rūzbeh ibn Dādūya) (Abū-Muhammad Abd-Allāh Rūzbeh ibn Dādōē) (Ruzbeh pur-e Daduya) (720-756). Arabic author and translator of Persian origin. He was one of the first translators into Arabic of literary works of the Indian and Iranian civilizations, and one of the creators of Arabic literary prose. Under the title Kalila wa-Dimna, he translated into Arabic the Pahlavi version of the celebrated collection of Indian fables, which go back to the Pancatantra. He also translated from Pahlavi into Arabic a royal chronicle composed under the Sasanids, a picture of the institutions, customs and hierarchy of the court in the same period, and a biography of the Sasanian kings Khusraw Anushirwan (r. 531-579) and Khusraw (II) Parwiz (r. 579-628). Ibn al-Muqaffa‘ further composed one of the earliest “Mirror for Princes” and a series of reflections on certain political, religious and social problems, addressed to an unnamed caliph who without doubt is the ‘Abbasid al-Mansur. He probably is also the author of a Manichaean apologia. His works soon became classic in the great ‘Abbasid civilization and exerted a great influence on the following generations.
Abū-Muhammad Abd-Allāh Rūzbeh ibn Dādūya, mostly known as Ibn al-Muqaffaʿ, or Rūzbeh pūr-e Dādūya, was an 8th-century Persian thinker and a Zoroastrian convert to Islam.
Ibn al-Muqaffa's translation of the Kalīla wa Dimna from Middle Persian is considered the first masterpiece of Arabic literary prose. Ibn al-Muqaffa' was a pioneer in the introduction of literary prose narrative to Arabic literature. He paved the way for later innovators such as al-Hamadani and al-Saraqusti, who brought literary fiction to Arabic literature by adapting traditionally accepted modes of oral narrative transmission into literary prose. Ibn al-Muqaffa was also an accomplished scholar of Middle Persian, and was the author of several moral fables.
Ibn al-Muqaffa, though a resident of Basra, was originally from the town of Jur (or Gur) in the Iranian province of Fars. His father had been a state official in charge of taxes under the Umayyads, and after being accused and convicted of embezzling some of the money entrusted to him, was punished by the ruler by having his hand crushed, hence the name Muqaffa (shrivelled hand).
Ibn al-Muqaffa was murdered around 756 by the order of the second Abbasid caliph Abu Ja`far al-Mansur reportedly for heresy, in particular for attempting to import Zoroastrian ideas into Islam. There is evidence, though, that his murder may have been prompted by the caliph's resentment at the terms and language that Ibn al-Muqaffa had used in drawing up a guarantee of safe passage for the caliph's rebellious uncle, Abdullah bin Ali; the caliph found that document profoundly disrespectful to himself, and it is believed Ibn al-Muqaffa paid with his life for the affront to al-Mansur.
'Abd Allah ibn al-Muqaffa' see Ibn al-Muqaffa‘
Abū-Muhammad Abd-Allāh Rūzbeh ibn Dādūya see Ibn al-Muqaffa‘
Abū-Muhammad Abd-Allāh Rūzbeh ibn Dādōē see Ibn al-Muqaffa‘
Ruzbeh pur-e Daduya see Ibn al-Muqaffa‘
Ibn al-Muqaffa‘ (‘Abd Allah ibn al-Muqaffa‘) (Abū-Muhammad Abd-Allāh Rūzbeh ibn Dādūya) (Abū-Muhammad Abd-Allāh Rūzbeh ibn Dādōē) (Ruzbeh pur-e Daduya) (720-756). Arabic author and translator of Persian origin. He was one of the first translators into Arabic of literary works of the Indian and Iranian civilizations, and one of the creators of Arabic literary prose. Under the title Kalila wa-Dimna, he translated into Arabic the Pahlavi version of the celebrated collection of Indian fables, which go back to the Pancatantra. He also translated from Pahlavi into Arabic a royal chronicle composed under the Sasanids, a picture of the institutions, customs and hierarchy of the court in the same period, and a biography of the Sasanian kings Khusraw Anushirwan (r. 531-579) and Khusraw (II) Parwiz (r. 579-628). Ibn al-Muqaffa‘ further composed one of the earliest “Mirror for Princes” and a series of reflections on certain political, religious and social problems, addressed to an unnamed caliph who without doubt is the ‘Abbasid al-Mansur. He probably is also the author of a Manichaean apologia. His works soon became classic in the great ‘Abbasid civilization and exerted a great influence on the following generations.
Abū-Muhammad Abd-Allāh Rūzbeh ibn Dādūya, mostly known as Ibn al-Muqaffaʿ, or Rūzbeh pūr-e Dādūya, was an 8th-century Persian thinker and a Zoroastrian convert to Islam.
Ibn al-Muqaffa's translation of the Kalīla wa Dimna from Middle Persian is considered the first masterpiece of Arabic literary prose. Ibn al-Muqaffa' was a pioneer in the introduction of literary prose narrative to Arabic literature. He paved the way for later innovators such as al-Hamadani and al-Saraqusti, who brought literary fiction to Arabic literature by adapting traditionally accepted modes of oral narrative transmission into literary prose. Ibn al-Muqaffa was also an accomplished scholar of Middle Persian, and was the author of several moral fables.
Ibn al-Muqaffa, though a resident of Basra, was originally from the town of Jur (or Gur) in the Iranian province of Fars. His father had been a state official in charge of taxes under the Umayyads, and after being accused and convicted of embezzling some of the money entrusted to him, was punished by the ruler by having his hand crushed, hence the name Muqaffa (shrivelled hand).
Ibn al-Muqaffa was murdered around 756 by the order of the second Abbasid caliph Abu Ja`far al-Mansur reportedly for heresy, in particular for attempting to import Zoroastrian ideas into Islam. There is evidence, though, that his murder may have been prompted by the caliph's resentment at the terms and language that Ibn al-Muqaffa had used in drawing up a guarantee of safe passage for the caliph's rebellious uncle, Abdullah bin Ali; the caliph found that document profoundly disrespectful to himself, and it is believed Ibn al-Muqaffa paid with his life for the affront to al-Mansur.
'Abd Allah ibn al-Muqaffa' see Ibn al-Muqaffa‘
Abū-Muhammad Abd-Allāh Rūzbeh ibn Dādūya see Ibn al-Muqaffa‘
Abū-Muhammad Abd-Allāh Rūzbeh ibn Dādōē see Ibn al-Muqaffa‘
Ruzbeh pur-e Daduya see Ibn al-Muqaffa‘
Ibn al-Muqaffa‘, Severus
Ibn al-Muqaffa‘, Severus (Severus ibn al-Muqaffa‘) (in Arabic, Sawiris ibn al-Muqaffa') (d. 987). Coptic bishop of Ashmunayn of the tenth century. The first Copt to adopt the Arabic language in ecclesiastical literature, he is best known for his history of the patriarchs.
Severus ibn al-Muqaffa', or Severus of El Ashmunein, was a Coptic Bishop, author and historian. In Arabic, his name is spelled Sawirus. Severus ibn al-Muqaffa' should not be confused with Abdullah Ibn al-Muqaffa.
Severus ibn al-Muqaffa' was bishop of Hermopolis Magna (Ashmunein), in Upper Egypt, around the end of the tenth century. He is best known as the traditional author of the History of the Patriarchs of the Coptic Church of Alexandria.
The works of Severus ibn al-Muqaffa' include:
* Lamp of the Intellect
* History of the Patriarchs of the Coptic Church of Alexandria. This is a compilation said to have been begun by Severus Ibn al-Mukaffa based on earlier biographical sources. It was continued by others including Michael, bishop of Tinnis (11th century, writing in Coptic, covering 880 to 1046), Mawhub ibn Mansur ibn Mufarrig, deacon of Alexandria., and Pope Mark III of Alexandria (for 1131 to 1167).
* Affliction's physic and the cure of sorrow
Sawiris ibn al-Muqaffa' see Ibn al-Muqaffa‘, Severus
Severus ibn al-Muqaffa' see Ibn al-Muqaffa‘, Severus
Severus of Ashmunayn see Ibn al-Muqaffa‘, Severus
Severus of Ashmunein see Ibn al-Muqaffa‘, Severus
Ibn al-Muqaffa‘, Severus (Severus ibn al-Muqaffa‘) (in Arabic, Sawiris ibn al-Muqaffa') (d. 987). Coptic bishop of Ashmunayn of the tenth century. The first Copt to adopt the Arabic language in ecclesiastical literature, he is best known for his history of the patriarchs.
Severus ibn al-Muqaffa', or Severus of El Ashmunein, was a Coptic Bishop, author and historian. In Arabic, his name is spelled Sawirus. Severus ibn al-Muqaffa' should not be confused with Abdullah Ibn al-Muqaffa.
Severus ibn al-Muqaffa' was bishop of Hermopolis Magna (Ashmunein), in Upper Egypt, around the end of the tenth century. He is best known as the traditional author of the History of the Patriarchs of the Coptic Church of Alexandria.
The works of Severus ibn al-Muqaffa' include:
* Lamp of the Intellect
* History of the Patriarchs of the Coptic Church of Alexandria. This is a compilation said to have been begun by Severus Ibn al-Mukaffa based on earlier biographical sources. It was continued by others including Michael, bishop of Tinnis (11th century, writing in Coptic, covering 880 to 1046), Mawhub ibn Mansur ibn Mufarrig, deacon of Alexandria., and Pope Mark III of Alexandria (for 1131 to 1167).
* Affliction's physic and the cure of sorrow
Sawiris ibn al-Muqaffa' see Ibn al-Muqaffa‘, Severus
Severus ibn al-Muqaffa' see Ibn al-Muqaffa‘, Severus
Severus of Ashmunayn see Ibn al-Muqaffa‘, Severus
Severus of Ashmunein see Ibn al-Muqaffa‘, Severus
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